Telegraf
- 시스템 및 애플리케이션의 메트릭을 수집하고 출력하는 경량의 에이전트
- InfluxData에서 개발했으며, 주로 시계열 데이터 수집에 사용
주로 아래 용도로 사용 됨.
| 사용 목적 | 사용 예 |
| 서버 모니터링 | CPU, 메모리, 디스크 사용량등 수집 |
| 네트워크 모니터링 | SNMP, Netflow등을 통해 트릭 수집 |
| 컨테이너 모니터링 | Docker, Kubernetes 메트릭 수집 |
| 애플리케이션 모니터링 | MySQL, Redis, Nginx, Apache 등 서비스 상태 수집 |
| 로깅/이벤트 수집 | 로그를 구조화하여 DB로 전송 가능 |
사전 패키지 설치
- curl - GPG 키 등 외부 리소스 다운로드 ( URL에서 파일 다운로드)
- gnupg2 - 저장소 인증 키 등록 시 필요 ( GPG 키 등록 및 검증)
- software-properties-common - add-apt-repository 사용 시 필요 ( APT 저장소 관리 툴)
# apt update
# apt install -y curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
InfluxData 공식 저장소 추가
# curl -sL https://repos.influxdata.com/influxdata-archive.key \
| gpg --dearmor \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/influxdata-archive.gpg > /dev/null
# echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/influxdata-archive.gpg] \
https://repos.influxdata.com/debian stable main" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdata.list
추가 된 파일 확인
# cd /usr/share/keyrings/
# ls -al
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2847 Jul 9 16:28 influxdata-archive.gpg
# cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d
# ls -al
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 112 Jul 9 16:32 influxdata.list
Telegraf 설치
# apt update
# apt install -y telegraf
설치 확인 (실행 전)
# systemctl status telegraf
○ telegraf.service - Telegraf
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/telegraf.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf
Telegraf 테스트
설정 파일
/etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf
출력 테스트 설정
[[outputs.influxdb]]
# ## The full HTTP or UDP URL for your InfluxDB instance.
urls = ["http://127.0.0.1:8086"]
database = "telegraf"
Telegraf 서비스 시작
# systemctl start telegraf
# systemctl enable telegraf
# systemctl status telegraf
● telegraf.service - Telegraf
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/telegraf.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-07-09 16:56:10 KST; 4s ago
Docs: https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf
Main PID: 7036 (telegraf)
Tasks: 9 (limit: 19117)
Memory: 26.3M (peak: 27.1M)
CPU: 69ms
CGroup: /system.slice/telegraf.service
└─7036 /usr/bin/telegraf -config /etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf -config-directory /etc/telegraf/telegraf.d
출력 테스트
- --test: 설정 파일을 바탕으로 한번만 수집해서 메트릭을 출력
- --config: 설정 파일 지정
# telegraf --test --config /etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Loading config: /etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Starting Telegraf 1.35.2 brought to you by InfluxData the makers of InfluxDB
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Available plugins: 238 inputs, 9 aggregators, 34 processors, 26 parsers, 65 outputs, 6 secret-stores
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Loaded inputs: cpu disk diskio kernel mem processes swap system
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Loaded aggregators:
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Loaded processors:
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Loaded secretstores:
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z W! Outputs are not used in testing mode!
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z I! Tags enabled: host=test
2025-07-09T07:57:32Z W! [agent] The default value of 'skip_processors_after_aggregators' will change to 'true' with Telegraf v1.40.0! If you need the current default behavior, please explicitly set the option to 'false'!
> kernel,host=test boot_time=1752040031i,context_switches=1526573i,entropy_avail=256i,interrupts=1481015i,processes_forked=7148i 1752047852000000000
> swap,host=test free=4091539456u,total=4091539456u,used=0u,used_percent=0 1752047852000000000
> swap,host=test in=0u,out=0u 1752047852000000000
> system,host=test load1=0.01,load15=0,load5=0.01,n_cpus=4i,n_unique_users=1i,n_users=2i 1752047852000000000
> system,host=test uptime=7821u 1752047852000000000
> system,host=test uptime_format=" 2:10" 1752047852000000000
> mem,host=test active=802021376u,available=15406891008u,available_percent=91.86721505260793,buffered=81657856u,cached=1713942528u,commit_limit=12476952576u,committed_as=1361371136u,dirty=217088u,free=13945413632u,high_free=0u,high_total=0u,huge_page_size=2097152u,huge_pages_free=0u,huge_pages_total=0u,inactive=1269874688u,low_free=0u,low_total=0u,mapped=336838656u,page_tables=6991872u,shared=4206592u,slab=219545600u,sreclaimable=124604416u,sunreclaim=94941184u,swap_cached=0u,swap_free=4091539456u,swap_total=4091539456u,total=16770826240u,used=1029812224u,used_percent=6.1404978458592625,vmalloc_chunk=0u,vmalloc_total=14073748835531776u,vmalloc_used=388448256u,write_back=0u,write_back_tmp=0u 1752047852000000000
> disk,device=efivarfs,fstype=efivarfs,host=test,mode=rw,path=/sys/firmware/efi/efivars free=134186298u,inodes_free=0u,inodes_total=0u,inodes_used=0u,inodes_used_percent=0,total=134217728u,used=26310u,used_percent=0.01960322535420815 1752047852000000000
> diskio,host=test,name=sdb io_time=55u,iops_in_progress=0u,merged_reads=1u,merged_writes=0u,read_bytes=12715008u,read_time=128u,reads=469u,weighted_io_time=128u,write_bytes=12288u,write_time=0u,writes=3u 1752047852000000000
> disk,device=sda2,fstype=ext4,host=test,mode=rw,path=/ free=289761177600u,inodes_free=19463660u,inodes_total=19628032u,inodes_used=164372u,inodes_used_percent=0.8374349501773789,total=315395768320u,used=9538637824u,used_percent=3.186984198599383 1752047852000000000
> disk,device=sda1,fstype=vfat,host=test,mode=rw,path=/boot/efi free=529362944u,inodes_free=0u,inodes_total=0u,inodes_used=0u,inodes_used_percent=0,total=535801856u,used=6438912u,used_percent=1.2017337991453318 1752047852000000000
> disk,device=sdb1,fstype=ext4,host=test,mode=rw,path=/mnt free=149325111296u,inodes_free=9830388u,inodes_total=9830400u,inodes_used=12u,inodes_used_percent=0.0001220703125,total=157394878464u,used=32768u,used_percent=0.000021944060530057687 1752047852000000000
> diskio,host=test,name=sdb1 io_time=52u,iops_in_progress=0u,merged_reads=1u,merged_writes=0u,read_bytes=10404864u,read_time=117u,reads=362u,weighted_io_time=117u,write_bytes=12288u,write_time=0u,writes=3u 1752047852000000000
> diskio,host=test,name=loop0 io_time=4u,iops_in_progress=0u,merged_reads=0u,merged_writes=0u,read_bytes=34816u,read_time=4u,reads=31u,weighted_io_time=4u,write_bytes=0u,write_time=0u,writes=0u 1752047852000000000
> diskio,host=test,name=sda io_time=16990u,iops_in_progress=0u,merged_reads=5343u,merged_writes=19791u,read_bytes=1187811840u,read_time=6527u,reads=25217u,weighted_io_time=164867u,write_bytes=1345103872u,write_time=152434u,writes=14825u 1752047852000000000
> diskio,host=test,name=sda1 io_time=17u,iops_in_progress=0u,merged_reads=21u,merged_writes=0u,read_bytes=15088128u,read_time=27u,reads=300u,weighted_io_time=27u,write_bytes=2048u,write_time=0u,writes=4u 1752047852000000000
> diskio,host=test,name=sda2 io_time=19855u,iops_in_progress=0u,merged_reads=5322u,merged_writes=19791u,read_bytes=1170331648u,read_time=6489u,reads=24805u,weighted_io_time=158923u,write_bytes=1345101824u,write_time=152433u,writes=14821u 1752047852000000000
> processes,host=test blocked=0i,dead=0i,idle=79i,paging=0i,running=0i,sleeping=86i,stopped=0i,total=165i,total_threads=256i,unknown=0i,zombies=0i 1752047852000000000
> cpu,cpu=cpu0,host=test usage_guest=0,usage_guest_nice=0,usage_idle=100,usage_iowait=0,usage_irq=0,usage_nice=0,usage_softirq=0,usage_steal=0,usage_system=0,usage_user=0 1752047853000000000
> cpu,cpu=cpu1,host=test usage_guest=0,usage_guest_nice=0,usage_idle=100,usage_iowait=0,usage_irq=0,usage_nice=0,usage_softirq=0,usage_steal=0,usage_system=0,usage_user=0 1752047853000000000
> cpu,cpu=cpu2,host=test usage_guest=0,usage_guest_nice=0,usage_idle=98.0000000001346,usage_iowait=0,usage_irq=0,usage_nice=0,usage_softirq=0,usage_steal=0,usage_system=2.0000000000035953,usage_user=0 1752047853000000000
> cpu,cpu=cpu3,host=test usage_guest=0,usage_guest_nice=0,usage_idle=100,usage_iowait=0,usage_irq=0,usage_nice=0,usage_softirq=0,usage_steal=0,usage_system=0,usage_user=0 1752047853000000000
> cpu,cpu=cpu-total,host=test usage_guest=0,usage_guest_nice=0,usage_idle=99.50000000007913,usage_iowait=0,usage_irq=0,usage_nice=0,usage_softirq=0,usage_steal=0,usage_system=0.50000000000081,usage_user=0 1752047853000000000